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Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland | ||||
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| Motto PAX QUÆRITUR BELLO | ||||
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| Capital | London | |||
| Government | Republic | |||
| Head of State | ||||
| - 1649-1653 | Council of State | |||
| - 1653-1659 | Lord Protector | |||
| - 1659-1660 | Council of State | |||
| Lord Protector | ||||
| - 1653-1658 | Oliver Cromwell | |||
| - 1658-1659 | Richard Cromwell | |||
| Lord President | ||||
| - 1653-1659 | Henry Lawrence | |||
| Legislature | Parliament | |||
| History | ||||
| - 1642 | English Civil War | |||
| - May 19, 1649 | Established | |||
| - December 16, 1653 | Instrument of Government | |||
| - May 25, 1659 | Lord Protector resigns | |||
| - April 4, 1660 | Declaration of Breda | |||
| Currency | Pound sterling | |||
 England Scotland Confederate Ireland
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England Scotland Ireland 
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The Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland (1649-1660) was a republican system of government that replaced the monarchy during the British interregnum. In 1653 Oliver Cromwell attained the post of Lord Protector and as such was the head of state of the Commonwealth. In 1660 after the death of Cromwell the monarchy was restored and Charles II reinstated to the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland.
Head of State
- Council of State (₩) (May 19, 1649 - December 16, 1653)
- Lord Protector (₩) (December 16, 1653 - May 7, 1659)
- Council of State (₩) (May 7, 1659 - April 4, 1660)
Lord Protector
- Oliver Cromwell (₩) (December 16, 1653 - September 3, 1658)
- Richard Cromwell (₩) (September 3, 1658 - May 7, 1659)
Lord President
- Henry Lawrence (₩) (December 16, 1653 - May 7, 1659)
Nation
British Polities
Kingdom of England (0927-1707)- Kingdom of Scotland (1286-1707)
- Kingdom of England: Kingdom of Ireland (1541-1801)
- Kingdom of Great Britain (1707-1801)
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801-1927)
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (From 1927)
Neighbouring Nations
References